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Elon
Musk and others urge AI pause, citing risks
to society
-
March 30, 2023
New
Delhi: Elon Musk and a group of artificial intelligence
experts and industry executives are calling for a
six-month pause in developing systems more powerful
than OpenAIs newly launched GPT-4, in an open
letter citing potential risks to society and humanity.
Earlier
this month, Microsoft-backed OpenAI unveiled the fourth
iteration of its GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer)
AI program, which has wowed users with its vast range
of applications, from engaging users in human-like
conversation to composing songs and summarising lengthy
documents.
The
letter, issued by the non-profit Future of Life Institute
and signed by more than 1000 people including Musk,
Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak and Rachel Bronson,
president of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,
called for a pause on advanced AI development until
shared safety protocols for such designs were developed,
implemented and audited by independent experts.
The
letter asks philosophical questions and requests work
be halted until some of them can be answered: Contemporary
AI systems are now becoming human-competitive at general
tasks, and we must ask ourselves: Should we let machines
flood our information channels with propaganda and
untruth? Should we automate away all the jobs, including
the fulfilling ones? Should we develop nonhuman minds
that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete
and replace us?
Should
we risk loss of control of our civilisation? Such
decisions must not be delegated to unelected tech
leaders, the signatories say.
Powerful
AI systems should be developed only once we are confident
that their effects will be positive and their risks
will be manageable.
OpenAI
representatives didnt immediately respond to
a request for comment.
The
letter detailed potential risks to society and civilisation
by human-competitive AI systems in the form of economic
and political disruptions, and called on developers
to work with policymakers on governance and regulatory
authorities.
Co-signatories
included Stability AI CEO Emad Mostaque, researchers
at Alphabet-owned DeepMind, and AI heavyweights Yoshua
Bengio, often referred to as one of the godfathers
of AI, and Stuart Russell, a pioneer of research
in the field.
According
to the European Unions transparency register,
the Future of Life Institute is primarily funded by
the Musk Foundation, as well as London-based effective
altruism group Founders Pledge, and Silicon Valley
Community Foundation.
The
concerns come as EU police force Europol on Monday
joined a chorus of ethical and legal concerns over
advanced AI like ChatGPT, warning about the potential
misuse of the system in phishing attempts, disinformation
and cybercrime.
Meanwhile,
the British government unveiled proposals for an adaptable
regulatory framework around AI.
Powerful
AI systems should be developed only once we are confident
that their effects will be positive and their risks
will be manageable.
Excerpt
from the open letter
The
governments approach, outlined in a policy paper
published on Wednesday, would split responsibility
for governing artificial intelligence between its
regulators for human rights, health and safety, and
competition, rather than create a new body dedicated
to the technology.
Musk,
whose carmaker Tesla is using AI for an autopilot
system, has been vocal about his concerns about the
technology.
Since
its release last year, OpenAIs ChatGPT has prompted
rivals to accelerate developing similar large language
models, and companies to integrate generative AI models
into their products.
Last
week, OpenAI announced it had partnered with around
a dozen firms to build their services into its chatbot,
allowing ChatGPT users to order groceries via Instacart,
or book flights through Expedia.
Sam
Altman, chief executive at OpenAI hasnt signed
the letter, a spokesperson at Future of Life said.
The
letter isnt perfect, but the spirit is right:
we need to slow down until we better understand the
ramifications, said Gary Marcus, a professor
at New York University who signed it. The big
players are becoming increasingly secretive about
what they are doing, which makes it hard for society
to defend against whatever harms may materialise.
Critics
accused the signatories of promoting AI hype,
arguing that claims around the technologys current
potential had been greatly exaggerated.
These
kinds of statements are meant to raise hype. Its
meant to get people worried, Johanna Björklund,
an AI researcher and associate professor at Umea University,
said. I dont think theres a need
to pull the handbrake.
Rather
than pause research, she said, AI researchers should
be subjected to greater transparency requirements.
If you do AI research, you should be very transparent
about how you do it.
(Reuters)
News

OpenAI
introduced a long-form question-answering AI called
ChatGPT that answers complex questions conversationally.
Its
a revolutionary technology because its trained
to learn what humans mean when they ask a question.
Many
users are awed at its ability to provide human-quality
responses, inspiring the feeling that it may eventually
have the power to disrupt how humans interact with
computers and change how information is retrieved.
What
Is ChatGPT?
ChatGPT
is a large language model chatbot developed by OpenAI
based on GPT-3.5. It has a remarkable ability to interact
in conversational dialogue form and provide responses
that can appear surprisingly human.
Large
language models perform the task of predicting the
next word in a series of words.
Reinforcement
Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) is an additional
layer of training that uses human feedback to help
ChatGPT learn the ability to follow directions and
generate responses that are satisfactory to humans.

ChatGPT
(Generative Pre-trained Transformer) ] is a chatbot
launched by OpenAI in November 2022. It is built on
top of OpenAI's GPT-3 family of large language models,
and is fine-tuned (an approach to transfer learning)
with both supervised and reinforcement learning techniques.
ChatGPT
was launched as a prototype on November 30, 2022,
and quickly garnered attention for its detailed responses
and articulate answers across many domains of knowledge.
Its uneven factual accuracy was identified as a significant
drawback. Following the release of ChatGPT, OpenAI
was reportedly valued at $29 billion. (Wikipedia)
OpenAI
is an American artificial intelligence (AI) research
laboratory consisting of the for-profit corporation
OpenAI LP and its parent company, the non-profit OpenAI
Inc. The company conducts research in the field of
AI with the stated goal of promoting and developing
friendly AI in a way that benefits humanity as a whole.
The organization was founded in San Francisco in late
2015 by Sam Altman, Elon Musk, and others, who collectively
pledged US$1 billion. Musk resigned from the board
in February 2018 but remained a donor. In 2019, OpenAI
LP received a US$1 billion investment from Microsoft
and Matthew Brown Companies. OpenAI is headquartered
at the Pioneer Building in Mission District, San Francisco.
(Wikipedia)
Media
Man
News
Can movie theatres and online streaming live side
by side?
Its been a tough time for movie theatres around
the world with a number of factors contributing to
the decline in the number of people heading to the
cinema to watch movies. In a world that is embracing
digital technologies, the movie industry is in danger
of getting left behind unless they quickly embrace
the technologies available that will get people excited
to return to movie theatres and get the enjoyment
of the cinema experience once again.
The
rise of the video game industry
Whilst
there are plenty of factors that are influencing peoples
decision to visit the cinema, there is no doubt that
the rapid rise of the online video game industry is
a large contributing factor. People are starting to
look elsewhere for their entertainment and online
video gaming provides a lower-cost alternative to
a trip to the cinema.
A
report by MarketWatch in 2020 found that the video
game industry is now bigger than the sports and movie
industry combined. Just take a minute to digest that.
Bigger than movies and sports - thats big.
The
news outlet reported that global video game revenue
is expected to increase 20% in 2020, making $179.7
billion, according to data from IDC.
The
biggest gain is expected to come from mobile gaming,
according to the news outlet, which is expected to
surge 24% to $87.7 billion. Part of this is due to
China recently lifting a ban on gaming consoles.
Game
console revenue is expected to soar to $52.5 billion
this year, while PC and Mac games are expected to
make $39.5 billion.
In
their most recent report, MarketWatch
reported that whilst overall revenue was expected
to grow by 11% in 2021 to $251.39 billion, the forecast
for 2022 is just a 2% growth and a flattening out
of that rapid growth over the past two years.
Is
this a potential opportunity for cinemas to reclaim
some of that lost audience share?
Early
signs look good for cinemas in 2022
If
the latest movie releases in 2022 are anything to
go by, it looks as though the movie theatre industry
is not ready to give up just yet. Spider-Man: No Way
Home became the biggest
grossing movie of the past two years, grossing
over $US1 billion ($1.38b) in the first two weekends.
It is the second-fastest film ever to reach the $1
billion mark and suggests that this could be a big
year for cinema-goers.
Following
in its footsteps is another 2022 release, The
Matrix Resurrections, a movie that grossed $US12
million in its opening weekend.
Whilst
this is a great start to the New Year for movie theatres
around the world, it remains to be seen whether this
is a trend that continues throughout the year. With
a number of high profile movies due for release in
2022, this could be a time for cinemas to really cash
in.
The
impact of streaming and long-form content
It
is unlikely that cinemas will have it all their own
way in 2022. Whilst it is great to see people returning
to movie theatres to watch the latest releases on
the big screen, there is no question that home viewing
is here to stay.
As
more studios and media distributors are developing
their own direct-to-consumer streaming services, this
starts to eat into the revenue of major studios.
Studios
derive almost half of their revenues from theatrical
releases. Although the average number of movie tickets
purchased by Americans each year has declined from
4.2 in 2009 to 3.4 in 2019 (Source: Deloitte),
studio revenues are driven more by box office tickets
now than they were 20 years ago.
Streaming
is having the biggest impact on people going to the
movies. As televisions have improved, where you can
now watch movies at home in 4K high-definition on
screens with sizes up to 100, with surround
sound, people have become more willing to wait for
the latest release movies to become available on streaming
services including Netflix,
Amazon Prime, Disney+, and Stan.
Another
major impact on the cinema industry is the consumer
switch to long-form content in the form of series.
Many people feel there is more depth to a series that
contains anywhere from six episodes upwards. Game
of Thrones was one of the groundbreaking series to
really capture the audiences attention, however,
there are so many amazing series now that it is becoming
more difficult for movies to compete with the depth
and the character development that a series can bring.
Huge
series like Breaking Bad, The Sopranos and more recently,
Succession,
have really captured the attention of audiences around
the world and this is something movie producers need
to consider.
The
entertainment factor
Its
not just video games and streaming that are competing
for peoples attention. Another industry embracing
technology is the online casino and betting sector.
Here, we have seen huge advancements in the way people
are able to game online. One company leading the way
in the sector is Betway, Developed by our exceptionally
talented people, Betway
creates market-leading, cutting-edge interactive gaming
experiences. We bring people closer to the action
putting them at the centre, making them feel
a part of it.
From
the introduction of in-game betting to the development
of new and exciting interactive games, these online
gaming sites are leading the way when it comes to
embracing new technologies that can lead to better
experiences for customers.
The
movie industry is at a real crossroads. With competition
coming from every direction within the entertainment
industry, studios and distributors need to find a
way to either a) get more people back into movie theatres
or b) look at alternative ways to ensure that movies
can compete with online gaming, live sports streaming
and online casinos for a share of customer eyeballs.
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